The chromatic scale contains every possible note used in western music. All of its notes are half a tone apart (one fret on the banjo). The "in between" notes are described as either sharps or flats. They correspond to the black notes on a keyboard, and either raise or lower the natural notes. A sharp (#) raises the pitch of a note by half a tone, and a flat (b) lowers the pitch of a note by half a tone. There are no sharps or flats between the notes EF and BC because these notes are already half a tone (or semitone) apart. This example chromatic scale begins on the note C.
Bar lines or measures divide the music into sections. A double bar line indicates either the end of the music, or the end of an important section.