Sometimes a composer or songwriter wants a specific bass note played under a chord. This is indicated by the use of slash chords, as demonstrated in the following example. For example, in bar 2, the chord symbol G/B occurs. This indicates a G chord played over a B bass note. In bar 4, the symbol G/D indicates a G chord with a D bass note. In bar 5, the symbol Am/E indicates an A minor chord with an E bass note. Slash chords are often used to create smooth, melodic bass lines and the symbols tell you that a note other than the root is played as the bass note of the chord.
As well as the use of slash chords in this example, notice the use of bass runs to connect the chords. The bass notes are notes of the A natural minor scale. Experiment with other ways of strumming and picking this progression.
Slash chords can create many different harmonic effects. Each combination has a specific name and often creates an entirely new chord. Basically you can play any chord over any bass note as long as it sounds good. Experiment with playing all the chords you have learned over various bass notes from the scale of the key you are playing in. To learn more about scales and keys in general, see Progressive Guitar Method: Theory, or Progressive Complete Learn to Play Lead Guitar Manual.