For any scale there are five basic moveable fingering patterns which can be moved to any part of the fretboard. These fingerings can be named according to the chord shape to which each fingering corresponds. The names of the five forms (formations or patterns) are easy to memorize because they spell the word CAGED when put together. It is the position of the keynotes in each fingering which determines the name of the form. End to end these five forms cover the whole fretboard before repeating. The fingerings of these forms are shown for the C major scale along with the chord shapes to which they relate.
The five forms cover the whole fretboard when placed end to end.
Let us look at each of the five scale forms individually. To start with, here is the C form of the open position major scale that you learned in Lesson 17.
Here are the other four forms. Learn these one at a time and practice them until you can play them all from memory. It is particularly important to memorize the positions of the key notes in each form, as they are like landmarks which you can always refer back to.
Progressing still higher up the fretboard, here is the C form an octave higher than the open position C form. At this point the pattern of five forms begins to repeat.
You have now learned all five forms of the C major scale. Because each of these fingerings is moveable, rt is possible to play them in any key. All you need to do is locate the root note (key note) and then follow the correct fingering. For example, once you know that the root notes for a C form scale are always on the 5th and 2nd strings, you just find the note of the key you wish to play in on either of those strings. The example below shows the moveable C form fingering of the D major scale, which is in the second position. The fretboard position is determined by the fret your first finger is at: i.e. in the second position, your first finger is at the second fret.
The E form can always be identified by the root notes on the 6th, 4th and 1st strings.
The D form is identified by the root notes on the 4th and 2nd strings.
The A form is identified by the root notes on the 5th and 3rd strings.