It is important to remember that you study chord patterns so that you will be able to play freely over the changes to real songs. To play Jazz well, you will need to know a great many popular songs. There are many books available which are compilations of standards, often combined with more contemporary tunes. Probably the most famous of these is The Real Book. It is recommended that you learn the melodies and chord changes to as many standards as possible.
It is also essential to practice improvising over the chord changes to standard songs as often as you can, so that when you get together with other musicians, you have something in common to play. It is important to practice jamming with other musicians regularly, particularly with a keyboard player or another guitarist who can play the chords while you play the song's melody and improvise. Then you can swap roles and comp for them as well.
In the Bebop era, musicians began to write their own melodies over the chord changes of popular songs. The chord changes then became the standard, with melodies being interchangeable. Try learning the chord changes to a song and then writing down your own melody to play over them. Then improvise around your own melody. By doing this you will develop your own individual style.